07:47 Dec 18, 2007 |
German to English translations [PRO] Science - Nuclear Eng/Sci | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Selected response from: Harry Borsje Netherlands Local time: 10:11 | ||||||
Grading comment
|
Summary of answers provided | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
3 | sparsely ionising radiation |
| ||
3 | Rewrite |
|
Discussion entries: 2 | |
---|---|
locker ionisierende Strahlen sparsely ionising radiation Explanation: This seems to be the term of trade, e.g. umwelt-online: Vergleichende Bewertung der biologischen ...Zur anschaulichen Kennzeichnung dieser Unterschiede wurden die Bezeichnungen locker ionisierende Strahlung (engl.: sparsely ionizing radiation) und dicht ... www.umweltrecht.de/regelwerk/energie/strahlen/rl/05_32a2.ht... |
| |
Grading comment
| ||
Login to enter a peer comment (or grade) |
Rewrite Explanation: I'd be tempted to rephrase the sentence: However, as we are dealing with exclusively low-density radiation in this instance.... -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 2 hrs (2007-12-18 10:17:14 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- I found this definition in the bfs glossary online: Locker-ionisierend Locker- bzw. dicht-ionisierende Strahlung unterscheidet sich im räumlichen Abstand der Ionisierungsvorgänge, diese liegen bei dicht-ionisierender Strahlung (Alphastrahlung, Neutronen) wesentlich enger als bei locker-ionisierender Strahlung (Gammastrahlung, Röntgenstrahlung, Betastrahlung). Mit dieser unterschiedlichen Ionisationsdichte ist eine unterschiedliche biologische Wirksamkeit verknüpft. www.bfs.de -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 5 hrs (2007-12-18 13:18:08 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- This article may help: Equivalent Dose Often we are interested in the effect of radiation exposure on human tissue. Enter a quantity called equivalent dose. This relates the absorbed dose in human tissue to the effective biological damage of the radiation. Not all radiation has the same biological effect, even for the same amount of absorbed dose. Equivalent dose is measured in an international (SI) unit called the Sievert (Sv). Like the gray, the sievert is a large unit and for normal radiation protection levels a series of prefixes are used: nanoSievert (nSv) is one thousand millionth of a Sievert (1/1,000,000,000) microSievert (µSv) is one millionth of a Sievert (1/1,000,000) milliSievert (mSv) is one thousandth of a Sievert (1/1,000) To determine equivalent dose (Sv), you multiply absorbed dose (Gy) by a radiation weighting factor that is unique to the type of radiation. The radiation weighting factor WR takes into account that some kinds of radiation are inherently more dangerous to biological tissue, even if their "energy deposition" levels are the same. For x-rays and gamma rays and electrons absorbed by human tissue, WR is 1. For alpha particles it is 20. To compute Sieverts from Grays, simply multiply by WR. This is obviously a simplification. The radiation weighting factor WR approximates what otherwise would be very complicated computations. The values for WR change periodically as new research refines the approximations. Exposure occurs over time, of course. The more Sieverts absorbed in a unit of time, the more intense the exposure. And so we express actual exposure as an amount over a specific time period, such as 5 millisieverts per year. This is called the "dosage rate". In Australia the dosage rate from background radiation, the sum of all natural radiation, is about 2 millisieverts per year. |
| |
Login to enter a peer comment (or grade) |
Login or register (free and only takes a few minutes) to participate in this question.
You will also have access to many other tools and opportunities designed for those who have language-related jobs (or are passionate about them). Participation is free and the site has a strict confidentiality policy.