Насколько я понял из ссылок это набор определённых слов, которые опознаёт система голосового опознавания. Этим словам система обучается, т.е. они запоминаются.

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Note added at 42 mins (2008-01-27 22:05:08 GMT)
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Вот здесь и про язык, и как подстройка производится и ещё там много интересной информации:

Tuning Software
Fine-tuning speech-recognition software is more of a gray area than configuring the system. A number of studies on user experiences have shown that the most crucial part of the process - audio tuning - can be a major source of problems. Accuracy is greatly affected by how users set up, tune and train the software. When dictating the initial script in the audio tuning section, users should see the volume adjustment slider move. If the volume adjustment slider does not "level out" by moving from the top, accuracy may be compromised. Users should repeat the initial dictation to set the adjustment, increasing the loudness of his or her voice until the pointer moves down to at least one notch from the top. This will immediately increase accuracy. Skipping this important step negatively impacts the voice/background noise discrimination technology in noise canceling microphones. Signing up
While every speech technology vendor is working toward making their software useable right out of the box, today users must train their speech recognition software. This "enrollment" process requires the user to read a passage of text so that the software can learn the user's voice. Fortunately, breakthroughs in software have reduced enrollment time, and users can now buy speech recognition products that only require about 5 minutes of training.

One of the quickest and easiest ways to increase speech recognition accuracy and build the software's vocabulary is to use a scanning feature found in many of today's speech applications. While this feature has different names depending on the vendor, it enables the software to "review" existing documents and adjust the speech recognition language model to more effectively match the user's writing style and vocabulary. This process also enables users to add words, specific names and places to their software's vocabulary. Another easy way to increase accuracy and productivity is to create dictation shortcuts.
http://www.speechtechmag.com/Articles/Editorial/Feature/Writ...