Spanish term (edited): tipos populares (y costumbres)

This phrase covers both the "tipos populares" and the "costumbres" and might be a nice way of putting the whole idea in natural English.
It has this specific meaning and also another precise meaning in art contexts (see below).

You would use the US spelling of course :-)

Definition of the phrase from the American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language:

local color
n.
1. The interest or flavor of a locality imparted by the customs and sights peculiar to it.
2. The use of regional detail in a literary or an artistic work.