Glossary entry (derived from question below)
English term or phrase:
draft/spread characteristics
German translation:
Dehn-/Stauch-Kennwerte
Added to glossary by
Johannes Gleim
Dec 11, 2013 03:57
10 yrs ago
English term
draft/spread characteristics
English to German
Tech/Engineering
Metallurgy / Casting
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2011/0036137.html
There is an existing technology call “Flash Welding” of hot billets in which the tail end of a billet is welded to the front end of the next billet, in-line as they exit from the reheating furnace. Such operation will enable the rolling of bars continuously without any end; this is similar to “sequence casting” in a continuous casting machine. The primary objective of this process of endless rolling is to minimize the head and tail crops in the rolling mill and the short end losses at the cooling bed. In employing this flash welding process together with the very high accuracy of the modern flying shear before the cooling bed, one is able to achieve an accuracy of +50/−00 mm consistently for 120 m long bars on the cooling bed. This is about 0.05% end losses versus an industrial norm of 2.5%.
The flash welding process produces elevated temperature at each of the flash welded joints of the billet. Due to the temperature dependence of draft/spread characteristics, the joints, being at a higher temperature than the rest of the billet, will have more elongation than spread, resulting in “necking”—smaller cross sectional area than the nominal area in the finished product. This means that the area of the joint can fall below the minimum area specified by the Steel Standard. U.S. Pat. No. 6,929,167 B2 Pong et al. teaches a method which will eliminate such effect of such necking. In the actual operation, gauges were set up in the rolling line to monitor the dimension of the steel bars and the results show that this method is able to maintain a uniform cross section throughout the length of the bar including the flash welded joints.
There is an existing technology call “Flash Welding” of hot billets in which the tail end of a billet is welded to the front end of the next billet, in-line as they exit from the reheating furnace. Such operation will enable the rolling of bars continuously without any end; this is similar to “sequence casting” in a continuous casting machine. The primary objective of this process of endless rolling is to minimize the head and tail crops in the rolling mill and the short end losses at the cooling bed. In employing this flash welding process together with the very high accuracy of the modern flying shear before the cooling bed, one is able to achieve an accuracy of +50/−00 mm consistently for 120 m long bars on the cooling bed. This is about 0.05% end losses versus an industrial norm of 2.5%.
The flash welding process produces elevated temperature at each of the flash welded joints of the billet. Due to the temperature dependence of draft/spread characteristics, the joints, being at a higher temperature than the rest of the billet, will have more elongation than spread, resulting in “necking”—smaller cross sectional area than the nominal area in the finished product. This means that the area of the joint can fall below the minimum area specified by the Steel Standard. U.S. Pat. No. 6,929,167 B2 Pong et al. teaches a method which will eliminate such effect of such necking. In the actual operation, gauges were set up in the rolling line to monitor the dimension of the steel bars and the results show that this method is able to maintain a uniform cross section throughout the length of the bar including the flash welded joints.
Proposed translations
(German)
| 4 | Dehn-/Stauch-Kennwerte |
Johannes Gleim
|
Change log
Dec 16, 2013 11:03: Johannes Gleim Created KOG entry
Proposed translations
6 hrs
Johannes Gleim
Native in German
Works in field
40 years Engineer, 20 years translations
Native in: German
Works in: English to German, German to English, French to German, and 6 more.
Related KudoZ points
:
60
Selected
Dehn-/Stauch-Kennwerte
engin. draft [Am.]
Formschräge {f}
http://www.dict.cc/?s=draft
spread
Ausdehnung {f}
spread
Verbreitung {f}
http://www.dict.cc/?s=spread
Einige Definitionen aus Heimos Link:
Successful hot roll design is dominated by the calculations of some important parameters, which describe two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) deformation in the workpiece. These parameters, such as roll separation force, torque, elongation, spread and draft, are discussed in detail.
:
4.1 Introduction Elongation, spread and draft are important parameters which describe the three dimensional deformation of a workpiece in hot rolling. The early work of the theory of rolling has focused on two-dimensional deformation, where the ratio of the width to thickness of the workpiece is high i.e. > 10 and the spread of the workpiece is considered negligible.
:
4.2 Elongation and Draft Elongation and draft describe the two deformations in the directions of length and height of the workpiece.
:
4.2.1 Definition of Draft Figure 4-1 shows a flat rolling process. For the deformation of the parallelepiped of material shown in the Figure 4-1, draft is expressed as a linear reduction in height of the workpiece under the action of the compressive force.
:
4. 3.1 Definition of spread. In the rolling process, any compression applied to the metal causes it to elongate in the direction of rolling and to spread in the transverse direction, see Figure 4.1. Spread is an increase in width of the rolled material that is being reduced in thickness.
http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3959/1/3959_1475.pdf
“Elongation, spread and draft” würde ich daher mit “Dehnung (Verlängerung, Längenänderung), Streuung (Verbreiterung) und Stauchen (Kompression)“ übersetzen.
Derartige Begriffe finde ich auch im Dubbel unter Umformtechnik (Walzen, Rollen) und einschlägigen DIN-Normen.
Formschräge {f}
http://www.dict.cc/?s=draft
spread
Ausdehnung {f}
spread
Verbreitung {f}
http://www.dict.cc/?s=spread
Einige Definitionen aus Heimos Link:
Successful hot roll design is dominated by the calculations of some important parameters, which describe two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) deformation in the workpiece. These parameters, such as roll separation force, torque, elongation, spread and draft, are discussed in detail.
:
4.1 Introduction Elongation, spread and draft are important parameters which describe the three dimensional deformation of a workpiece in hot rolling. The early work of the theory of rolling has focused on two-dimensional deformation, where the ratio of the width to thickness of the workpiece is high i.e. > 10 and the spread of the workpiece is considered negligible.
:
4.2 Elongation and Draft Elongation and draft describe the two deformations in the directions of length and height of the workpiece.
:
4.2.1 Definition of Draft Figure 4-1 shows a flat rolling process. For the deformation of the parallelepiped of material shown in the Figure 4-1, draft is expressed as a linear reduction in height of the workpiece under the action of the compressive force.
:
4. 3.1 Definition of spread. In the rolling process, any compression applied to the metal causes it to elongate in the direction of rolling and to spread in the transverse direction, see Figure 4.1. Spread is an increase in width of the rolled material that is being reduced in thickness.
http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3959/1/3959_1475.pdf
“Elongation, spread and draft” würde ich daher mit “Dehnung (Verlängerung, Längenänderung), Streuung (Verbreiterung) und Stauchen (Kompression)“ übersetzen.
Derartige Begriffe finde ich auch im Dubbel unter Umformtechnik (Walzen, Rollen) und einschlägigen DIN-Normen.
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
Comment: "Herzlichen Dank, Johannes!"
Discussion
spread seems to be: Breitung
draft seems to be: Höhenabnahme
can somebody please verify that?