https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deformation_(engineering)

In materials science, deformation refers to any changes in the shape or size of an object due to -
* an applied force (the deformation energy in this case is transferred through work) or
* a change in temperature (the deformation energy in this case is transferred through heat).

The first case can be a result of tensile (pulling) forces, compressive (pushing) forces, shear, bending or torsion (twisting).


In engineering, shear strength is the strength of a material or component against the type of yield or structural failure where the material or component fails in shear. A shear load is a force that tends to produce a sliding failure on a material along a plane that is parallel to the direction of the force. When a paper is cut with scissors, the paper fails in shear.
In structural and mechanical engineering, the shear strength of a component is important for designing the dimensions and materials to be used for the manufacture or construction of the component (e.g. beams, plates, or bolts). In a reinforced concrete beam, the main purpose of reinforcing bar (rebar) stirrups is to increase the shear strength.

Lap Shear Strength > wytrzymałość na ścinanie - ProZ.com
www.proz.com › KudoZ home › English to Polish › Other
Apr 29, 2005 - (KudoZ) English to Polish translation of Lap Shear Strength: wytrzymałość na ścinanie [Other (Tech/Engineering)].

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Note added at 42 mins (2016-03-15 00:02:35 GMT)
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Note added at 46 mins (2016-03-15 00:06:20 GMT)
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http://pl.cyclopaedia.net/wiki/Shear_strength