English to Polish Social Sciences Mathematics & Statistics

Sprawdziłam definicję na wikipedii, ale za dużo mi to nie rozjaśniło. W całym tłumaczeniu termin przewija się kilkakrotnie. Oto kontekst:
1. "Studies that compared lesbian comothers (or gay cofathers) with heterosexual coparents, on the other hand, rarely could CONTROL FOR marital status or biological relatedness of both parents, and they could not readily distinguish the impact of gender from sexual identity."

2. Lesbian couples who have children with donor sperm or through adoption provide a natural experiment for assessing the effects of growing up without a male parent. Such research can CONTROL FOR the number of parents and their relational history.

3. Because this study did not CONTROL FOR the number of parents in mother-only families, it could not help us determine whether the absence of a male parent or just of a second parent contributed to the lower self-esteem the younger children expressed.

4. we identified five parental variables routinely conflated by those who claim that children need both a mother and a father in order to thrive—number, gender, sexual identity, marital status, and biogenetic relationship to children. To adequately assess the impact of any one of these requires a research design that MATCHES or CONTROLS FOR the others."

Czy to jest po prosty kontrolowanie zmiennej czy jakoś inaczej należy to określić? Dodatkowo nie wiem, o co chodzi z tym "match" w ostatnim przykładzie.
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