el grupo de los árboles flechados (con un único tallo dominante o guía); y por el otro, el de los árboles con copa en cruz (con un tronco principal y a una cierta altura una cruz, a partir de la que parten les ramas principales).

https://www.ntjdejardineria.org/tipos-de-poda-de-arbolado/

Altura de copa
Con carácter general, los árboles de copa deberán tener una altura de tronco libre de ramas laterales mayor de 225 cm. En determinadas ocasiones, previa autorización por parte de la Inspección Facultativa Del Consorcio Valencia 2007 podrán admitirse ejemplares de menor gálibo que, por las características de la especie o formación de su estructura presenten menores alturas de cruz.

Especificaciones para árboles de calle
Los árboles de copa para plantaciones de viales requieren una mínima altura de copa, que desde la base hasta la cruz será al menos de 2,25 m. Se deberá tener cuidado que las ramas principales no tengan excesivas ramificaciones.

https://mnhlicitaciones.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/DOC20...

CROWN LIFT
Crown lifting is achieved by selectively removing branches from the lower canopy to ‘raise’ the crown to create clearance. This could be for mowing the lawn or removing lower branches over a driveway or road.

Local authority specifications are typically to create a 2.4m clearance for pedestrians or on main roads, a 5.5m clearance for busses.

Branches are always removed to the most appropriate pruning points as specified in British Standard 3998 so as to ensure that the tree continues to grow with good form.

https://www.mercertrees.co.uk/services/tree-pruning/

Crown Lift or Crown Raising
Crown lifting is the removal of the lowest branches and/or preparing of lower branches for future removal. Good practice dictates crown lifting should not normally include the removal of large branches growing directly from the trunk as this can cause large wounds which can become extensively decayed leading to further long term problems or more short term biomechanical instability. Crown lifting on older, mature trees should be avoided or restricted to secondary branches or shortening of primary branches rather than the whole removal wherever possible.

https://www.trees.org.uk/Help-Advice/Public/A-brief-guide-to...

I think 'copa de cruz' is the type of tree I draw for small children (I can't draw): roots, a trunk then a few branches halfway up that divide into smaller ones.