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Spanish to English translations [PRO] Social Sciences - Economics
Spanish term or phrase:mujeres soporte
I'm translating an article on the gender gap in rural areas of Spain and this expression has me more than a little stuck.
En términos generales el primer problema es la baja tasa de actividad laboral de las mujeres en el entorno rural. No obstante, de acuerdo con Camarero (2008), la participación en la sostenibilidad económica y social del medio rural de las mujeres recae principalmente en el grupo denominado en este estudio como mujeres soporte con situación estable.
The way the paragraph above is written seems to suggest the term is used in the study by Camarero but my research shows me that is not the case. Here is another example, which describes three groups of employed women in rural areas:
En este sentido la población activa femenina del ámbito rural presenta tres perfiles diferenciados: Mujeres con situación laboral más estable: son mujeres mejor situadas, tienen hijos y una situación económica más favorable, estudios superiores y ocupan puestos de la administración pública. Mujeres con situación laboral inestable: son jóvenes, con bajos ingresos y con intención de emigrar. Mujeres soporte con situación laboral estable: trabajan en el sector servicios, con un grado de formación medio y constituyen la “clase media” de las mujeres en edad activa.
The issues are about women who work outside the home and family, and who may have children also. One point is about support for women from being in a stable working situation, while the other point is about rural areas and work compared with urban areas and work. Work in rural areas is not always the same as work in urban areas, while the issues might be with transport to and from work with public transport. I suppose they're all issues which affect men equally.
I checked “sandwich generation women” after Althea’s contribution but having seen “support generation” in a reliable source that cited Camarero, I had drifted towards that but may well be drifting back to your option.
I have found this from the blurb about a conference on depopualtion: A través de políticas transversales que impulsen la igualdad de oportunidades para hombres y mujeres en el ámbito rural, introduciendo criterios de perspectiva de género en las subvenciones para evitar la despoblación, favoreciendo la conciliación familiar e implementando ayudas a la “mujer soporte” para aliviar el peso de los cuidados tradicionalmente desarrollado por las mujeres. This does suggest we are talking about women who share being a homemaker with doing a job ... I am getting mightily tired of thinking about this.
I agree. It really looks like the author wants to say something like "women who used to be classed as (or are statistically categorised as) housewives...". However, despite the definitions provided, the waters remain muddied.
www.unavarra.es/puresoc/pdfs/c_ponencias/martin.pdf LA EPA Y LAS AMAS DE CASA RURALES1. Autor: Pablo Martín Pulido (UNED) Grupo de trabajo 14: Sociología rural y del sistema alimentario. (…) Para hablar de situaciones concretas, se ha estudiado esta influencia sobre un colectivo específico que hemos denominado grupo soporte de la familia, estadísticamente denominadas amas de casa, y que está compuesto por las mujeres de 30 a 50 años, valga como hipótesis, aquellas que se encuentran en la plenitud de su vida laboral y que pueden estar a la vez condicionadas por una generación mayor, la de sus padres / suegros, y una menor, la de sus hijos. La tipología de familias se ha elaborado tomando a la mujer soporte como pieza central del análisis para después contrastar la ocupación femenina con la masculina y las condiciones familiares en las que hay una mayor implicación entre ambos marcos de referencia.
But careful, the author himself acknowledges that NOT all women of this age (30-50 years old) are “mujeres soporte”.
I assume you have already read this article by Pablo Martín Pulido, where your query term appears several times and is central to it. After reading the key sections two or three times, I still do not understand what this sociologist actually refers to by the term "mujeres soporte". This term is extremely ambiguous and badly defined. The only point I can be sure of is the age of this group of women, between 30 and 50 years, accoring to this study. But in the "definition" (provided this can be considered as such), the author also speaks of "housewives" (!!!).
Thanks again for your help. Strangely enough the term is defined later in the study, using the exact definition in the work by Camarero when he talks about "la generación soporte". Thus, I have decided to use here "the group referred to in the present study, and borrowing Camarero's terminology, as women of the "support generation" with stable employment status". It's a bit unwieldy, I know, but it only comes up three times, and the whole article is wordy anyway - 15,000 words of it!
I an now thinking along the lines of “women of/from the support generation” with support generation entre comillas.i have found Camarero cited in an article by English-speaking authors in reference to Spain and they have done the same.
for you help. I have now found an English version of a report published by the Camarero cited in the study I am translating and it uses "support generation" so I feel I can just go with "support women" as odd as it might sound ...
I think they may be referring to 'las mujeres de la generación soporte' which looks to be early middle-aged women i.e. between 30 and 49 years old. This describes them as "las mujeres de la generación soporte (en edad reproductiva, activa y a cargo del cuidado de personas dependientes)...entre 30 y 49 años." http://www.ces.es/documents/10180/18510/Inf0111
I think the support bit comes from them having to look after both their children and their parents. The age range for this 'sandwich generation' can vary a bit. I don't know if this would have the right register for your text, though https://www.apa.org/topics/families/sandwich-generation
Automatic update in 00:
Answers
1 hr confidence:
Dependent women
Explanation: Dependent women with a stable employment situation: they work in the service sector, with an average grade education and constitute the "middle class" of working-age women
In other words, women who are partially dependent on a partner's or husband's income for their economic sustenance, as opposed to the first group outlined, who are more financially independent, able to stand on their own feet financially and economically.
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 2 hrs (2021-08-30 17:56:12 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
Althea Draper's idea in the discussion box above ccould also well be right; women in caring roles who offer their support to other family members, etc;
Andrew Bramhall United Kingdom Local time: 20:13 Native speaker of: English PRO pts in category: 12
5 hrs confidence: peer agreement (net): +1
Women (as) carers
Explanation: Women as carers - Oxford Medicine Online Often women become carers on the basis of family, cultural, or religious expectations. The role of carer may be additional to family roles ....
ormiston Local time: 21:13 Native speaker of: English PRO pts in category: 8
Explanation: This may not be your "mot juste" but it fits the definition in your question.
Sectoral Changes and the Increase in Women's Labor Force ... https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu › viewcontentPDF by R Akbulut · 2011 · Cited by 71 — in terms of capturing the growing participation rate of **women in the service sector** changes for different productivity series for the home technology.
REPORT on women's working conditions in the service sector https://www.europarl.europa.eu › A-7-2012-0246_EN ... stereotypes and gender-based discrimination by adopting active policies that can reduce **the real disadvantages affecting women in the service sector**, ...
Is there less gender inequality in the service sector? - SAGE ... https://journals.sagepub.com › doi › pdf by D Dueñas-Fernández · 2015 · Cited by 6 — **There is a verifiably greater presence of women in the service sector.** Both in. KIS and in non-KIS, more than half of those employed are women, ...
**Social and Economic Justice for Women in the Service Sector** https://www.apa.org › resources › indicator › 2018/07 Social and Economic Justice for Women in the Service Sector. Event highlighting the application of psychological science to advocacy ...
Muriel Vasconcellos United States Local time: 12:13 Works in field Native speaker of: English PRO pts in category: 99
Explanation: As per the definition provided above: "Working women with stable employment status: (they) work in the service sector, have an average level of education and constitute the “middle class” of working-age women."
NB: If "support women" is a specific term used by the cited researcher, I suppose that could work as well, but I would want to define it first.
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 16 hrs (2021-08-31 08:02:56 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
(I don't think it refers to carers per se, at least not as we understand the term nowadays in UK English). I've also ruled out "dependent", as it seems to mean the opposite.
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